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Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological condition characterised by the presence of tissue similar to the lining of the uterus growing outside its natural location. Endometriotic lesions may develop in the ovaries, fallopian tubes and other pelvic organs, leading to chronic pain, menstrual disorders and fertility problems.
Laparoscopic removal of endometriosis is a modern, minimally invasive surgical procedure that enables the precise removal of endometriotic lesions while providing a thorough assessment of the extent of the disease. The scope of surgery is always determined individually and depends on the location and severity of the lesions.
What does laparoscopic removal of endometriosis involve?
Laparoscopy allows surgeons to accurately assess endometriotic lesions within the pelvic cavity and remove them using specialised surgical instruments introduced through small abdominal incisions.
The primary goals of the procedure are to remove endometriotic lesions, reduce pain, improve the function of affected organs and support an improved quality of life.
Which forms of endometriosis can be treated laparoscopically?
The surgical treatment of endometriosis may include the following conditions:
Ovarian Endometriosis (Endometriomas or “Chocolate Cysts”)
Ovarian endometriosis occurs when endometrial-like tissue develops within the ovaries, leading to the formation of endometriomas, commonly known as chocolate cysts. These lesions may cause chronic pelvic pain, menstrual disorders and affect reproductive function.
Endometriosis of the Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes
The spread of endometriotic lesions to the ovaries and fallopian tubes may result in cyst formation, pelvic adhesions and impaired function of the reproductive organs, potentially affecting fertility.
Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis
Deep infiltrating endometriosis is one of the most advanced forms of the disease. It is characterised by the infiltration of endometrial-like tissue into organs and tissues outside the uterus. Lesions may involve the urinary bladder, ureters and other pelvic structures, causing significant pain and organ dysfunction.
What symptoms may indicate the need for surgical treatment?
Laparoscopic removal of endometriosis may be considered in patients experiencing:
- chronic pelvic pain,
- severe menstrual pain,
- painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia),
- ovarian endometriomas (chocolate cysts),
- infertility associated with endometriosis,
- recurrent endometriotic cysts,
- impaired ovarian or fallopian tube function,
- pain during bowel movements,
- urinary bladder dysfunction,
- recurrent urinary tract infections,
- blood in the urine (haematuria),
- failure of conservative treatment.
When may surgical treatment of different forms of endometriosis be considered?
Surgical treatment may be considered in cases involving:
- endometriotic cysts causing pain or menstrual disturbances,
- fertility problems associated with endometriotic lesions,
- large cysts associated with an increased risk of complications,
- recurrent cysts despite previous treatment,
- chronic pain resistant to medical therapy,
- urinary bladder or ureter dysfunction,
- suspected extensive involvement of pelvic organs by the disease.
Each case requires an individual assessment and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation before qualification for surgery.
Before surgery, patients undergo diagnostic examinations and specialist consultations to ensure appropriate planning of the surgical procedure.
Preoperative preparation typically includes:
- a gynaecological consultation and detailed medical history assessment,
- a gynaecological examination,
- routine laboratory tests,
- transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS),
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in selected cases,
- an anaesthetic consultation,
- a detailed discussion of the surgical procedure and postoperative recommendations.
Patients also receive personalised instructions regarding preparation for hospital admission, fasting before surgery and medication management.
What does recovery after surgery involve?
Following surgery, patients remain under medical supervision while their overall condition and early healing process are monitored.
During the first few days after the procedure, temporary abdominal discomfort and pain around the small surgical incisions may occur. Some discomfort may also be related to the gas used during laparoscopy.
During recovery, patients are advised to:
- allow adequate time for rest,
- gradually return to everyday activities,
- avoid strenuous physical exertion,
- follow a light and balanced diet rich in protein and nutrients that support healing,
- maintain proper hydration,
- follow their physician’s postoperative recommendations.
Good to Know
Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis not only allows for the removal of endometriotic lesions but also enables a detailed assessment of the extent of the disease and its impact on pelvic organs. The scope of surgery is determined individually for each patient and may involve treatment of lesions affecting multiple anatomical structures. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and appropriately planned surgical treatment are important components of the overall management of endometriosis.
- indications
-
What symptoms may indicate the need for surgical treatment?
Laparoscopic removal of endometriosis may be considered in patients experiencing:
- chronic pelvic pain,
- severe menstrual pain,
- painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia),
- ovarian endometriomas (chocolate cysts),
- infertility associated with endometriosis,
- recurrent endometriotic cysts,
- impaired ovarian or fallopian tube function,
- pain during bowel movements,
- urinary bladder dysfunction,
- recurrent urinary tract infections,
- blood in the urine (haematuria),
- failure of conservative treatment.
When may surgical treatment of different forms of endometriosis be considered?
Surgical treatment may be considered in cases involving:
- endometriotic cysts causing pain or menstrual disturbances,
- fertility problems associated with endometriotic lesions,
- large cysts associated with an increased risk of complications,
- recurrent cysts despite previous treatment,
- chronic pain resistant to medical therapy,
- urinary bladder or ureter dysfunction,
- suspected extensive involvement of pelvic organs by the disease.
Each case requires an individual assessment and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation before qualification for surgery.
- Preparation
-
Before surgery, patients undergo diagnostic examinations and specialist consultations to ensure appropriate planning of the surgical procedure.
Preoperative preparation typically includes:
- a gynaecological consultation and detailed medical history assessment,
- a gynaecological examination,
- routine laboratory tests,
- transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS),
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in selected cases,
- an anaesthetic consultation,
- a detailed discussion of the surgical procedure and postoperative recommendations.
Patients also receive personalised instructions regarding preparation for hospital admission, fasting before surgery and medication management.
- Convalescence
-
What does recovery after surgery involve?
Following surgery, patients remain under medical supervision while their overall condition and early healing process are monitored.
During the first few days after the procedure, temporary abdominal discomfort and pain around the small surgical incisions may occur. Some discomfort may also be related to the gas used during laparoscopy.
During recovery, patients are advised to:
- allow adequate time for rest,
- gradually return to everyday activities,
- avoid strenuous physical exertion,
- follow a light and balanced diet rich in protein and nutrients that support healing,
- maintain proper hydration,
- follow their physician’s postoperative recommendations.
Good to Know
Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis not only allows for the removal of endometriotic lesions but also enables a detailed assessment of the extent of the disease and its impact on pelvic organs. The scope of surgery is determined individually for each patient and may involve treatment of lesions affecting multiple anatomical structures. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and appropriately planned surgical treatment are important components of the overall management of endometriosis.
